ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
After studying chapter 15 and listening to class lecture,you should be able to:
Identify the six key elements that define an organization’ s structure.
Explain the characteristics of a bureaucracy.
Describe a matrix organization.
Explain the characteristics of a virtual organization.
Summarize why managers want to create boundaryless organizations.
Contrast mechanistic and organic structural models.
List the factors that favor different organizational structures.
Why do structures differ?
What Is Organizational Structure?
What Determines Organizational Structure?
To what degree are tasks subdivided into separate jobs?
On what basis will jobs be grouped together?
To whom do individuals and groups report?
How many individuals can a manager efficiently and effectively direct?
Where does decision-making authority lie?
To what degree will there be rules and regulations to direct employees and managers?
Key Design Questions and Answers for Designing the Proper Organization Structure
Common Organization Designs
A Horizontal Organization
Common Organization Designs
The Bureaucracy
Strengths
Functional economies of scale
Minimum duplication of personnel and equipment
Enhanced communication
Centralized decision making
Weaknesses
Subunit conflicts with organizational goals
Obsessive concern with rules and regulations
Lack of employee discretion to deal with problems
Decentralization: Benefits When Low and When High
Matrix Structure (College of Business Administration)
Mechanistic vs. Organic Designs
Mechanistic Versus Organic Models
A Virtual Organization
Organization Structure: Its Determinants and Outcomes
New Design Options
What Is Organizational Structure? (cont’ d)
Economies and Diseconomies of Work Specialization
What Is Organizational Structure? (cont’ d)
What Is Organizational Structure? (cont’ d)
Contrasting Spans of Control
What Is Organizational Structure? (cont’ d)
Common Organization Designs (cont’ d)
New Design Options
New Design Options (cont’ d)
Why Do Structures Differ?
Why Do Structures Differ?
Why Do Structures Differ? -Strategy
The Strategy-Structure Relationship
Why Do Structures Differ? -Technology
Why Do Structures Differ? -Environment
What Is Organizational Structure? (cont’ d)
The Three Dimensional Model of the Environment
Organizational Designs and Employee Behavior